We are now a quarter of the way through the 21st century and about the same length of time into the current era of test-based school accountability. Like most Education Reform initiatives, with NCLB we jumped right in with testing and accountability – proudly flying the plane while we were building it. Except that we never actually get around to rebuilding it. Sure, we update the snacks, swap out seats, and add wi-fi, but the basic public education plane remains the same. What if we tried a different approach. What might have been?